回轉(zhuǎn)式風(fēng)機(jī)，涵蓋羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)、螺桿風(fēng)機(jī)、滑片風(fēng)機(jī)等多種類型，在長(zhǎng)期連續(xù)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中，受多種因素影響，極易出現(xiàn)各類故障，進(jìn)而對(duì)其性能表現(xiàn)和使用壽命造成顯著影響。以下將對(duì)常見(jiàn)故障問(wèn)題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性梳理，并深入剖析其產(chǎn)生原因，同時(shí)針對(duì)性地提出有效解決方法。

Rotary fans, including Roots fans, screw fans, slide fans, and other types, are prone to various failures due to various factors during long-term continuous operation, which can significantly affect their performance and service life. The following will systematically sort out common fault problems, analyze their causes in depth, and propose targeted and effective solutions.

在風(fēng)量不足或壓力下降方面，故障成因呈現(xiàn)多元化特點(diǎn)。進(jìn)氣濾網(wǎng)因灰塵、雜質(zhì)不斷積累，逐漸堵塞，嚴(yán)重阻礙進(jìn)氣通道的順暢性，致使進(jìn)氣量大幅減少；葉輪或轉(zhuǎn)子在長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中持續(xù)磨損，導(dǎo)致其與殼體之間的間隙不斷增大，引發(fā)內(nèi)部泄漏加劇，從而削弱風(fēng)機(jī)的送氣能力；系統(tǒng)中管道、法蘭或密封部位出現(xiàn)漏氣情況，使得本該輸出的氣體逸散，造成壓力下降；對(duì)于皮帶傳動(dòng)型風(fēng)機(jī)而言，皮帶或聯(lián)軸器因張緊力不足，或是長(zhǎng)期使用產(chǎn)生磨損，出現(xiàn)打滑現(xiàn)象，影響動(dòng)力傳輸效率，最終導(dǎo)致風(fēng)量和壓力無(wú)法達(dá)到正常水平。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題，相應(yīng)的解決措施為定期清潔或更換進(jìn)氣濾網(wǎng)，建議每 3 個(gè)月進(jìn)行一次細(xì)致檢查，及時(shí)清除堵塞物以保障進(jìn)氣通暢；對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子與殼體之間的間隙進(jìn)行精確檢測(cè)，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)間隙超標(biāo)，需及時(shí)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子進(jìn)行修復(fù)處理，若磨損嚴(yán)重則應(yīng)果斷更換轉(zhuǎn)子；采用肥皂水涂抹的方式對(duì)系統(tǒng)各部位進(jìn)行漏氣點(diǎn)檢測(cè)，發(fā)現(xiàn)漏氣后，及時(shí)緊固法蘭螺栓，或更換密封性能良好的墊片；嚴(yán)格按照廠家制定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)皮帶張力進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)調(diào)整，若皮帶磨損嚴(yán)重則需及時(shí)更換新皮帶，確保動(dòng)力傳輸穩(wěn)定高效。

In terms of insufficient air volume or pressure drop, the causes of faults exhibit diverse characteristics. The intake filter screen gradually becomes clogged due to the accumulation of dust and impurities, seriously hindering the smoothness of the intake passage and resulting in a significant reduction in intake volume; The continuous wear of impellers or rotors during long-term operation leads to an increasing gap between them and the casing, which exacerbates internal leakage and weakens the air supply capacity of the fan; Leakage occurs in pipelines, flanges, or sealing parts of the system, causing the gas that should have been output to escape and resulting in a pressure drop; For belt driven fans, the belt or coupling may slip due to insufficient tension or long-term use, affecting power transmission efficiency and ultimately leading to abnormal air volume and pressure. The corresponding solution to these problems is to regularly clean or replace the intake filter screen. It is recommended to conduct a detailed inspection every 3 months and promptly remove blockages to ensure smooth intake; Accurately detect the gap between the rotor and the housing. Once the gap exceeds the standard, the rotor should be repaired in a timely manner. If the wear is severe, the rotor should be replaced promptly; Use soapy water to detect air leaks in various parts of the system. If any leaks are found, tighten the flange bolts in a timely manner or replace gaskets with good sealing performance; Strictly follow the standards set by the manufacturer to accurately adjust the belt tension. If the belt is severely worn, it needs to be replaced with a new belt in a timely manner to ensure stable and efficient power transmission.

風(fēng)機(jī)出現(xiàn)過(guò)熱，即軸承或殼體溫度過(guò)高的情況，其根源主要涉及多個(gè)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。潤(rùn)滑油不足或劣化是重要誘因，油位過(guò)低無(wú)法提供充足潤(rùn)滑，油品老化后其潤(rùn)滑性能顯著下降，均會(huì)導(dǎo)致部件間摩擦加劇，產(chǎn)生大量熱量；對(duì)于水冷型風(fēng)機(jī)，冷卻系統(tǒng)故障是導(dǎo)致過(guò)熱的直接原因，冷卻水流量不足或管道堵塞，無(wú)法及時(shí)帶走運(yùn)行過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的熱量，致使溫度持續(xù)攀升；過(guò)載運(yùn)行同樣不容忽視，當(dāng)系統(tǒng)阻力過(guò)大，或者排氣壓力超出風(fēng)機(jī)額定工作壓力時(shí)，風(fēng)機(jī)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間處于超負(fù)荷運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)狀態(tài)，必然會(huì)產(chǎn)生過(guò)多熱量；軸承損壞也是常見(jiàn)因素，因潤(rùn)滑不良或長(zhǎng)期疲勞磨損，導(dǎo)致軸承出現(xiàn)卡滯現(xiàn)象，加劇摩擦，進(jìn)而引發(fā)過(guò)熱。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題，有效的解決辦法包括定期檢查油位，及時(shí)補(bǔ)充潤(rùn)滑油，為保障良好的潤(rùn)滑效果，推薦使用 ISO VG 220 齒輪油；對(duì)水冷型風(fēng)機(jī)的冷卻器進(jìn)行全面清理，仔細(xì)檢查整個(gè)冷卻水系統(tǒng)，確保冷卻水流量達(dá)到或超過(guò) 2m3/h，以維持良好的散熱性能；通過(guò)合理調(diào)整工況，加裝安全閥或采用變頻控制等技術(shù)手段，避免風(fēng)機(jī)超壓運(yùn)行，確保其在安全、高效的工作區(qū)間內(nèi)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；當(dāng)軸承出現(xiàn)損壞時(shí)，及時(shí)更換耐高溫、性能優(yōu)良的軸承，建議選用 SKF、NSK 等知名品牌產(chǎn)品，以提升風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性。

The overheating of the fan, that is, the high temperature of the bearings or housing, is mainly caused by multiple key links. Insufficient or deteriorated lubricating oil is an important cause. If the oil level is too low to provide sufficient lubrication, the lubrication performance of the oil will significantly decrease after aging, which will lead to increased friction between components and generate a large amount of heat; For water-cooled fans, cooling system failure is the direct cause of overheating. Insufficient cooling water flow or pipeline blockage prevents timely removal of heat generated during operation, resulting in continuous temperature rise; Overload operation cannot be ignored either. When the system resistance is too high or the exhaust pressure exceeds the rated working pressure of the fan, the fan will be in an overloaded state for a long time, which will inevitably generate excessive heat; Bearing damage is also a common factor, as poor lubrication or long-term fatigue wear can lead to bearing jamming, exacerbating friction and ultimately causing overheating. Effective solutions to these issues include regularly checking the oil level and replenishing lubricating oil in a timely manner. To ensure good lubrication, it is recommended to use ISO VG 220 gear oil; Thoroughly clean the cooler of the water-cooled fan, carefully inspect the entire cooling water system, and ensure that the cooling water flow rate reaches or exceeds 2m 3/h to maintain good heat dissipation performance; By adjusting the working conditions reasonably, installing safety valves or using frequency conversion control and other technical means, the fan can avoid overpressure operation and ensure its safe and efficient operation within the working range; When the bearing is damaged, it is recommended to replace it with a high-temperature resistant and high-performance bearing in a timely manner. It is suggested to choose well-known brands such as SKF and NSK to improve the stability and reliability of the fan operation.

異常振動(dòng)或噪音大是回轉(zhuǎn)式風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中較為常見(jiàn)且危害較大的故障。其產(chǎn)生原因主要集中在多個(gè)核心部件和安裝環(huán)節(jié)。轉(zhuǎn)子動(dòng)平衡失效是關(guān)鍵因素，葉輪表面粘附雜質(zhì)，或是因腐蝕導(dǎo)致質(zhì)量分布不均，破壞了轉(zhuǎn)子的平衡狀態(tài)，在高速旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)引發(fā)劇烈振動(dòng)和噪音；聯(lián)軸器或皮帶輪安裝過(guò)程中存在偏差，當(dāng)偏差超過(guò) 0.05mm/m 時(shí)，會(huì)導(dǎo)致傳動(dòng)過(guò)程中受力不均，產(chǎn)生振動(dòng)和異常噪音；地腳螺栓在長(zhǎng)期振動(dòng)作用下逐漸松動(dòng)，使得風(fēng)機(jī)固定不牢，運(yùn)行時(shí)產(chǎn)生晃動(dòng)，進(jìn)而引發(fā)振動(dòng)和噪音；對(duì)于羅茨風(fēng)機(jī)而言，同步齒輪磨損后，齒輪嚙合不良，在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈沖擊，形成明顯的噪音。針對(duì)這些故障原因，對(duì)應(yīng)的解決方案為對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)子進(jìn)行徹底清潔，并重新進(jìn)行精確的動(dòng)平衡校準(zhǔn)，將不平衡量嚴(yán)格控制在≤1g 的范圍內(nèi)，確保轉(zhuǎn)子運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)平穩(wěn)；運(yùn)用激光對(duì)中儀對(duì)聯(lián)軸器同心度進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)校正，將偏差調(diào)整至 ±0.02mm，保證傳動(dòng)部件的安裝精度；及時(shí)緊固地腳螺栓，為進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)穩(wěn)定性，必要時(shí)可加裝減震墊，減少振動(dòng)傳遞；對(duì)齒輪磨損情況進(jìn)行細(xì)致檢查，若磨損程度嚴(yán)重，則需及時(shí)更換齒輪組，恢復(fù)風(fēng)機(jī)的正常運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。

Abnormal vibration or loud noise are common and harmful faults in the operation of rotary fans. The main reasons for its occurrence are concentrated in multiple core components and installation stages. The failure of rotor dynamic balance is a key factor. Impurities adhering to the impeller surface or uneven mass distribution due to corrosion can disrupt the balance state of the rotor, causing severe vibration and noise during high-speed rotation; There may be deviations during the installation of couplings or pulleys. When the deviation exceeds 0.05mm/m, it can cause uneven force distribution during the transmission process, resulting in vibration and abnormal noise; The foundation bolts gradually loosen under long-term vibration, causing the fan to be loosely fixed and shaking during operation, which in turn leads to vibration and noise; For Roots blowers, after the synchronous gear wears out, the gear meshing is poor, resulting in strong impact and significant noise during operation. The corresponding solution for these fault causes is to thoroughly clean the rotor and perform precise dynamic balance calibration again, strictly controlling the unbalance within the range of ≤ 1g to ensure smooth operation of the rotor; Using laser to accurately calibrate the concentricity of the coupling device, adjusting the deviation to ± 0.02mm to ensure the installation accuracy of the transmission components; Timely tighten the anchor bolts, and if necessary, install shock-absorbing pads to further enhance stability and reduce vibration transmission; Conduct a detailed inspection of gear wear, and if the wear is severe, replace the gear set in a timely manner to restore the normal operation of the fan.

漏油問(wèn)題多發(fā)生于齒輪箱或軸封部位，其背后存在多種潛在原因。油封在長(zhǎng)期高溫環(huán)境或持續(xù)運(yùn)行過(guò)程中，逐漸老化，橡膠密封材質(zhì)硬化、開(kāi)裂，失去密封效果，導(dǎo)致潤(rùn)滑油泄漏；油位過(guò)高會(huì)使齒輪箱內(nèi)部油壓過(guò)大，多余的油液便會(huì)從呼吸閥滲出；軸封部位因長(zhǎng)期與密封件摩擦，導(dǎo)致軸表面出現(xiàn)磨損溝槽，使得密封失效，引發(fā)漏油現(xiàn)象。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題，有效的解決措施為更換性能優(yōu)良的油封，推薦采用氟橡膠或聚四氟乙烯材質(zhì)的油封，以提升密封性能和使用壽命；在風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)行狀態(tài)下，通過(guò)觀察油窗，將油位調(diào)整至標(biāo)準(zhǔn)線位置，確保齒輪箱內(nèi)油壓正常；對(duì)于磨損的軸套，可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況進(jìn)行修復(fù)處理，如采用鍍鉻工藝恢復(fù)軸的表面精度，若磨損嚴(yán)重則需及時(shí)更換新軸，從根本上解決漏油問(wèn)題。

Oil leakage problems often occur in gearboxes or shaft seals, and there are multiple potential causes behind them. Oil seals gradually age in long-term high-temperature environments or continuous operation, causing rubber sealing materials to harden and crack, losing their sealing effect and leading to lubricant leakage; Excessive oil level will cause excessive oil pressure inside the gearbox, and excess oil will seep out from the breather valve; Due to long-term friction with the sealing components, the shaft seal has developed wear grooves on the surface, resulting in seal failure and oil leakage. To address these issues, an effective solution is to replace high-performance oil seals. It is recommended to use oil seals made of fluororubber or polytetrafluoroethylene material to improve sealing performance and service life; When the fan is running, adjust the oil level to the standard line position by observing the oil window to ensure that the oil pressure inside the gearbox is normal; For worn shaft sleeves, repair treatment can be carried out according to the actual situation, such as using chrome plating technology to restore the surface accuracy of the shaft. If the wear is severe, a new shaft needs to be replaced in a timely manner to fundamentally solve the oil leakage problem.

電機(jī)過(guò)載跳閘故障的產(chǎn)生，通常由以下幾方面原因?qū)е?。電壓不穩(wěn)定是常見(jiàn)因素，當(dāng)電網(wǎng)電壓波動(dòng)幅度超過(guò) ±10% 時(shí)，會(huì)對(duì)電機(jī)正常運(yùn)行產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重影響，導(dǎo)致其過(guò)載跳閘；進(jìn)口阻力過(guò)大，如濾網(wǎng)堵塞未及時(shí)清理，或是閥門(mén)未完全打開(kāi)，會(huì)增加風(fēng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行負(fù)荷，迫使電機(jī)過(guò)載；風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)部出現(xiàn)卡滯情況，可能是異物意外進(jìn)入風(fēng)機(jī)內(nèi)部，或是軸承損壞等原因，阻礙風(fēng)機(jī)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，進(jìn)而引發(fā)電機(jī)過(guò)載跳閘。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題，相應(yīng)的解決辦法包括在電路中加裝穩(wěn)壓器，或?qū)φ麄€(gè)供電線路進(jìn)行全面檢查，確保電壓穩(wěn)定在合理范圍內(nèi)；及時(shí)清理進(jìn)口管道內(nèi)的堵塞物，仔細(xì)檢查并確保閥門(mén)處于完全打開(kāi)狀態(tài)，降低進(jìn)氣阻力；通過(guò)手動(dòng)盤(pán)車的方式對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)進(jìn)行檢查，逐一排查并及時(shí)排除卡死故障，保障風(fēng)機(jī)能夠順暢運(yùn)行，避免電機(jī)因過(guò)載而跳閘 。

The occurrence of motor overload tripping faults is usually caused by the following reasons. Voltage instability is a common factor, and when the voltage fluctuation of the power grid exceeds ± 10%, it will have a serious impact on the normal operation of the motor, leading to overload tripping; Excessive import resistance, such as clogged filter screens that are not cleaned in a timely manner or valves that are not fully opened, can increase the operating load of the fan and force the motor to overload; If there is a stuck situation inside the fan, it may be due to foreign objects accidentally entering the fan or bearing damage, which hinders the normal operation of the fan and causes the motor to overload and trip. The corresponding solutions to these problems include installing voltage regulators in the circuit or conducting a comprehensive inspection of the entire power supply line to ensure that the voltage is stable within a reasonable range; Timely clean up the blockages in the inlet pipeline, carefully inspect and ensure that the valve is fully open, and reduce the intake resistance; By manually turning the fan, check and promptly eliminate any stuck faults, ensuring smooth operation of the fan and avoiding motor tripping due to overload.

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